> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://codemash.gitbook.io/codemash/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://codemash.gitbook.io/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types.md). # Field type reference Every field type a collection schema can declare — its data-schema shape, its widget, and what the server refuses — one page per type. A schema field is exactly **one of 17 data types**. Each type has its own keywords, its own widget(s) in the record form, and its own refusals — the code and the sentence the server answers when a record breaks a rule. One page per type, all built from the gateway's contract and the generated all-types fixture (see the [Schema authoring guide](/codemash/cloud/database/schema.md#the-canonical-example)). | Page | Data type | Builder field | Widget(s) | Stores | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | | [Text](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/text.md) | `string.schema.v1` | Text | `text` | a string | | [Long text and HTML](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/textarea-html.md) | `string.schema.v1` | Long text, HTML | `textarea`, `html` | a string | | [Email](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/email.md) | `string.schema.v1` + `format: email` | Email | `email` | a string | | [URI](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/uri.md) | `string.schema.v1` + `format: uri` | URI | `website` | a string | | [Translatable text](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/translatable.md) | `string.schema.v1` + `meta.translateOptions` | Text → Translatable | `text`, `textarea`, `html` | `{ "en": "…", "lt": "…" }` | | [Integer](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/integer.md) | `integer.schema.v1` | Number | `number` | a whole number | | [Rating](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/rate.md) | `integer.schema.v1` | Rating | `rate` | a whole number | | [Decimal](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/decimal.md) | `decimal.schema.v1` | Number (decimal places) | `number` | a number | | [Currency](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/currency.md) | `currency.schema.v1` | Number → money | `currency` | `{ "value": 9.99, "currency": "EUR" }` | | [Date and date-time](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/date.md) | `date.schema.v1` | Date, Date & time | `date`, `datetime` | unix epoch seconds | | [Boolean](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/boolean.md) | `boolean.schema.v1` | Yes/No | `boolean` | `true` / `false` | | [Enum](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/enum.md) | `enum.selection.schema.v1` | Select → Enumeration | `select` | a value, or an array of values | | [Tags](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/tags.md) | `tags.schema.v1` | Tags | `tags` | an array of unique strings | | [File](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/file.md) | `file.schema.v1` | File | `file` | an array of file ids | | [Geolocation](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/geolocation.md) | `geolocation.schema.v1` | Geo Location | `geo_location` | `{ "type": "Point", "coordinates": [lng, lat] }` | | [JSON](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/json.md) | `json.schema.v1` | JSON | `json` | any JSON object | | [User reference](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/user-reference.md) | `user.selection.schema.v1` | Select → Users | `select` | a user id, or an array | | [Role reference](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/role-reference.md) | `role.selection.schema.v1` | Select → Roles | `select` | a role id, or an array | | [Term reference](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/term-reference.md) | `taxonomy.selection.schema.v1` | Select → Taxonomy | `select` | a term id, or an array | | [Collection reference](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/collection-reference.md) | `collection.selection.schema.v1` | Select → Collection | `select` | a record id, or an array | | [Nested form](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/nested-form.md) | `object.schema.v1` | Nested Form | `nested_form` | an object with declared members | | [Array](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/field-types/array.md) | `array.schema.v1` | Array | `array` | a list of one item type | Text, Long text, HTML, Email, URI and Translatable are one data type (`string.schema.v1`) with a different widget or keyword; Integer and Rating are one data type too. The `computational` widget (a read-only computed value) has no data type of its own. ## Keywords every type has | Keyword | Where | What it does | | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `title`, `description` | data schema, any field | free text about the field; the form label comes from the UI schema | | `required` | data schema, the parent's list | the field must be present and not `null` — `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-030` `a value is required` | | `default` | data schema, the primitives and selections | the value a new record gets when the field is left out; must obey the field's rules (`CM-ERRORS-SCHEMA-037` at save) | | `unique` | data schema, text / integer / decimal | no two records of the collection (per environment) share the value | | `label`, `placeholder`, `help`, `required`, `readonly`, `hidden` | UI schema, every cell | the form hints; `help` is the text under the input — `watermark` and `hint` are refused | ## Error codes Record writes are checked against the published schema. Each broken field answers one error with the code, `Field '' is invalid: `, and a `Keyword` in its metadata. The path names nested values the way they sit in the record: `address.street`, `lines[0].qty`, `matrix[1][0]`. | Code | Keyword | When | | ------------------------ | ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-030` | `required` | a required value is missing or `null` | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-039` | `type` | the wrong JSON type; a single value on a `multiple` field or the other way round; a dotted update through a field that has no members | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-040` | `length` | `minLength` / `maxLength`, `minItems` / `maxItems`, a JSON field's `maxBytes` | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-041` | `pattern` | the string does not match the regular expression | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-042` | `format` | not an e-mail, a URI, a file id, a 3-letter currency code | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-043` | `range` | `minimum` / `maximum` on integers, decimals, dates and currency amounts | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-044` | `multipleOf` | the step of a decimal or a currency amount | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-045` | `enum` | a value outside the list: enum values, allowed currencies, allowed geometry types | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-046` | `uniqueItems` | a repeated entry in tags, a multiple enum, file ids, multiple references, an array with `uniqueItems` | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-047` | `properties` | a missing or undeclared member of a currency, a geolocation or a nested form | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-048` | `coordinates` | not a `[longitude, latitude]` pair, or outside the world's range | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-049` | `translateOptions` | a translatable string that is not a language → text object | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-050` | `reference` | the id is not a user of the project | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-051` | `reference` | the id is not a role of the project (a role name is refused too) | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-052` | `reference` | the id is not a term of the declared taxonomy in this environment | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-053` | `reference` | the id is not a record of the declared collection in this environment | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-054` | `reference` | the id is not a file in the storages the field allows | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-055` | `reference` | the declared target cannot be read at all in this environment (one error per field, not per id) | | `CM-ERRORS-DATABASE-056` | — | a read with `expandReferences` by a caller who may not read one of the linked sources — see [References](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/references.md) | A schema that breaks the contract is refused at **save** time with a `CM-ERRORS-SCHEMA-0xx` code — the list is on the [Schema authoring guide](/codemash/cloud/database/schema.md#common-refusals). ## The screens The screenshots on the type pages are the record form of the generated all-types collection, one tab per family of types, as the Playwright suite captures them:
Add New Record form of sc_e2e_all_types, Lists & files tab: tags inputs with a tag icon (Tags plain, type, unique, min items, max items, items, default) and file pickers with Pick a file and a search icon

The Lists & files tab of the all-types form — tags and file widgets.

In the builder, each type is a card with its own icon; a nested form shows its field count and an array its item type:
New schema sc_e2e_all_types in the Visual Builder, Nested tab: Object plain (1 field), Object type, Object properties, Object required as nested-form cards, Array items object (of Nested Form (1 fields)) and Array items array (of Array of Number)

The Nested tab of the all-types schema in the builder.

## Related [Schema authoring guide](/codemash/cloud/database/schema.md) · [References](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/references.md) · [Nested forms and arrays](/codemash/cloud/database/schema/nesting.md) · [Create a schema](/codemash/cloud/database/collections/create-schema.md) · [Add or edit a record](/codemash/cloud/database/collections/add-records.md)